Ultracold atoms in optical lattices constitute a unique experimental setting. Ultracold atoms in optical lattices the studies of ultracold atoms constitute one of the hottest areas of atomic, molecular, and optical amo physics and quantum optics. Due to the close resemblance of ultracold atoms in optical lattices to solid. An optical lattice can trap neutral atoms by exploiting the energy shifts induced by the radiation. Large scale quantum simulations using ultracold atomic gases in optical lattices mo. Simulating quantum manybody systems kindle edition by maciej lewenstein, anna sanpera, veronica ahufinger.
Ultracold dipolar gases in optical lattices christian trefzger thesis advisor. Tightbinding models for ultracold atoms in honeycomb. The combined action of trapping potentials, optical lattices and low temperature cooling techniques, provide a. Optical lattices are an ideal platform for atomic experimentation. Mar 17, 2014 nippon telegraph and telephone has proposed a method for generating a largescale entangled quantum state of ultracold atoms in an optical lattice with high fidelity and short operation time. Controlling spin exchange interactions of ultracold atoms in. Ultracold atomic gases in optical lattices have emerged as an ideal experimental platform for studying condensedmatter physics in a clean and. It makes a route through the physics of cold atoms in periodic potentials starting from the simple. Find all the books, read about the author, and more. Quantum manybody dynamics of ultracold atoms in optical. Atoms in an optical lattice provide an ideal quantum system where all parameters can be controlled.
Quantum simulation with atoms in optical lattices atoms in optical lattices electrons in a solid. In this paper, we prop ose a slav eboson approach for dealing with the bose. They provide a clean, tuneable system which can be engineered to reach. We study an ultracold gas of neutral atoms subject to the periodic optical potential generated by a highq cavity mode.
The extremely high controllability that is offered by systems of ultracold atoms in optical lattices has already allowed some highly impressive work to be accomplished. Ultracold atoms and molecules in optical lattices sciencedirect. Some of the most talented theorists in the field guide the readers through the fascinating interplay of atomic, optical and condensedmatter physics, where old and new quantum manybody phenomena appear. Ultracold atoms in optical lattices can be used to model condensed matter systems. In this chapter, we will summarize some of the important results obtained in quantum simulation research into quantum manybody systems using ultracold atoms in an optical lattice. Hauke, andre eckardt, maciej lewenstein, and ludwig mathey. Review quantum simulations with ultracold atoms in optical. Controlling spin exchange interactions of ultracold atoms in optical lattices l.
Quantum gate arrays with neutral atoms in optical lattices by using ultracold atoms in a mott insulating ph ase of an optical lattice we have been able to initialize a large register of quantum. Maciej lewenstein, anna sanpera, and veronica ahufinger. Particularly fascinating is the possibility of using ultracold atoms in lattices to simulate condensed matter or even high energy physics. Optical lattices, ultracold atoms and quantum information. Some condensed matter much of this chapter is familiar.
Simulating quantum manybody systems oxford university press. Pdf ultracold atoms in optical lattices researchgate. Ultracold dipolar gases in optical lattices christian trefzger. An individual user may print out a pdf of a single chapter of a monograph in oso for personal use. The lattice experiment a theoreticians view of n produce a boseeinstein condensate of atoms in a magnetic trap n load the condensate into an optical standingwave lattice created by counterpropagating laser beams n in a 3d lattice one ends up with few atoms per lattice site in a 1d lattice one can have thousands of atoms n probe different physical regimes by varying lattice depth and inter. Tightbinding models for ultracold atoms in honeycomb optical lattices julen iba. Quantum computers for special purposes like quantum simulators are already within reach.
Phil thesis, michaelmas 2010 ultracold atoms in optical lattices can be used to model condensed matter systems. Ultracold atoms in optical lattices in this chapter we introduce the reader to the physics of ultracold atoms trapped in crystals made of light. Maciej lewenstein born september 21, 1955 in warsaw, is a polish theoretical physicist. This thesis covers most of my work in the field of ultracold atoms loaded in optical lattices. Marko znidari c may 25, 2010 abstract in the seminar, physical principles underlying behavior of atoms in optical lattices are presented. They are also useful for sorting microscopic particles, and may be useful for assembling cell arrays. Quantum state transfer with ultracold atoms in optical lattices. Although most of such gases in the nanokelvin regime are first prepared in a continuum phase, a lattice structure can be superimposed onto the particles by using optical standing wave laser fields. Nonequilibrium dynamics of ultracold atoms in optical lattices. It makes a route through the physics of cold atoms in periodic potentials starting from the simple noninteracting system and going into the manybody physics that describes the strongly correlated mott insulator regime.
They have been rewarded with the 1997 nobel prize in physics for chu 1998, cohentannoudji 1998 and. They provide a clean, tuneable system which can be engineered to. We combine the capabilities of the optical lattices with two powerful tools used in atom physics. Large scale quantum simulations using ultracold atomic gases. The key feature of these systems are the complete control of the manybody systems, combined with a microscopic understanding of the underlying dynamics. Quantum simulation using ultracold ytterbium atoms in an. It is the hope of many physicists that ultracold atoms in optical lattices provide the ultimate testing ground for many models. Optical lattices have seen utilization in such diverse. Making use of the superlattice generated by commensurate wavelengths of light beams, tunable geometries including zigzag and sawtooth configurations can be realised. Realization of the hofstadter hamiltonian with ultracold atoms in. Quantum state transfer with ultracold atoms 2 systems extremely accessible with the possibility to address, even locally in limited and controllable regions of space, most of the system parameters. Such systems are nearly perfect realisations of various kinds of hubbard models, and as such may very well serve to mimic condensed matter phenomena. Atoms in an optical lattice provide an ideal quantum system where all. Optical lattices, ultracold atoms and quantum information processing d.
Controlling spin exchange interactions of ultracold atoms. H34 a quantum simulator for carrying out complex physics calculations. Quantum computers, though not yet available on the market, will revolutionize the future of information processing. Keywords magnetic lattices ultracold atoms degenerate quantum gases quantum simulation 1 introduction since the advent of laser cooling and trapping techniques in the 1980s and 1990s, optical lattices produced by interfering laser beams have become an indispensable tool for trapping periodic arrays of ultracold atoms and degen. When such a degenerate quantum gas is loaded into an optical lattice produced by standing waves of laser light, new kinds of physical phenomena occur. Quasicrystalline optical lattices for ultracold atoms.
Ultracold atoms in optical lattices paperback maciej. What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent link page. In the limit of very low temperatures, cavity field and atomic dynamics require a quantum description. An optical lattice is able to trap an atom because the electric fields of the lasers induce an electric dipole moment in the atom. This masterpiece is a unique opportunity to learn about the frontiers of quantum manybody physics, and how they can be explored with ultracold atoms in optical lattices. Quantum simulation using ultracold ytterbium atoms in an optical lattice 10 april 20 nara the 11th usjapan seminar y.
Optical lattice is formed by the interference of counterpropagating laser beams, which creates e ective potential that traps ultracold atoms. They have been awarded with the 1997 nobel prize for s. Such ultracold atoms in optical lattices form a completely novel and highly promising. Ultracold atoms in optical lattices have recently emerged as promising candidates for investigating the geometric and topological aspects of band structures. Lukin2 1institute for quantum information, california institute of technology, mc 10781, pasadena, california 91125, usa 2physics department, harvard university, cambridge, massachusetts 028, usa received 25 october 2002. Mountains of potential optical lattices offer unique control over manybody quantum systems. Quantum manybody dynamics of ultracold atoms in optical lattices. Nippon telegraph and telephone has proposed a method for generating a largescale entangled quantum state of ultracold atoms in an optical lattice with high fidelity and short operation time. Ultracold atoms in optical lattices generated by quantized. Ultracold atoms in optical lattices simulating quantum manybody systems maciej lewenstein, anna sanpera, and veronica ahufinger. Ultracold atoms in such a rotating lattice can be used for the direct quantum simulation of strongly correlated systems under large effective magnetic fields, allowing investigation of phenomena such as the fractional quantum hall effect. We demonstrate a high degree of control of ultracold lattice gases on the quan.
First comprehensive book on ultracold gases in optical lattices. It is more difficult, however, to use these interference patterns to trap atoms. Quantum physics with ultracold atoms in optical lattices. This book provides a complete and comprehensive overview of ultracold lattice gases as quantum simulators. We demonstrate a novel experimental arrangement which can rotate a 2d optical lattice at frequencies up to several kilohertz. Ultracold atoms in optical lattices precision measurements quantum information qubit quantum simulation lowdim systems 2d 1d. Ultracold atoms in optical lattices hardcover maciej. Nonequilibrium dynamics of ultracold atoms in optical. Johns college, oxford university dphil thesis, trinity term 2008 the central part of this thesis describes the key components, implementation, initial testing and calibration of a twodimensional, rotating lattice for experiments involving boseeinstein condensates of 87rb.
The interaction of atoms in the lattice can easily. We describe tunable optical sawtooth and zigzag lattices for ultracold atoms. Notes on lewenstein, sanpera, and ahu ngers ultracold atoms in optical lattices. Maschler et al ultracold atoms in optical lattices generated by quantized light. Bosonic atoms trapped in an optical lattice at very low temperatures, can be mo deled by the bosehubbard model. In this thesis, we exploit the high degree of control available in these systems to directly probe the band geometry of an optical honeycomb lattice. In this thesis, we theoretically explore the dynamics of ultracold atoms in op tical lattices for. However, there are some new ideas about lowdimensional systems that i didnt know beforehand.
Ultracold atoms in optical lattices derevianko group. Tightbinding models for ultracold atoms in honeycomb optical. Simulating quantum manybody systems jimmy qin fall 2019 ch 2. Additionally, employing several analytical and numerical methods for the calculation of manybody ground states, we demonstrate the variety of condensedmatter problems that can be attacked with qss consisting of ultracold ions or neutral atoms in optical lattices. Ultracold atoms in optical lattices generated by quantized light fields. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. These socalled optical lattices act as versatile potential landscapes to trap ultracold quantum gases of bosons and fermions.
A rotating optical lattice for ultracold atoms ben fletcher, st. Review quantum simulations with ultracold atoms in optical lattices christian gross1 and immanuel bloch1,2 quantum simulation, a subdiscipline of quantum computation, can provide valuable insight into difficult quantum problems in physics or chemistry. This thesis describes experiments focused on investigating outofequilibrium phenomena in the bosehubbard model and exploring novel cooling techniques for ultracold gases in optical lattices. Quantum simulation using ultracold atoms in twodimensional optical lattices sarah alassam, balliol college, oxford d. Vexandvgx are external trapping potentials for the atom in the excited and the. Magnetic lattices for ultracold atoms and degenerate.
Such gases consist of bosonic atoms or molecules that interact via dipolar forces, and that are cooled below the quantum degeneracy temperature, typically in the nk range. Quantum manybody dynamics of ultracold atoms in optical lattices ultrakalte atome in optischen gittern. It is the hope of many physicists that ultracold atoms in optical lattices provide the ultimate testing ground for many models of condensed matter physics. In this chapter we introduce the reader to the physics of ultracold atoms trapped in crystals made of light. Large scale quantum simulations using ultracold atomic.
After the introduction, the work presented in this thesis can be divided into three major parts. Onedimensional sawtooth and zigzag lattices for ultracold. Ultracold atoms and molecules have opened a new field for studying strong correlation effects in manybody quantum systems in a highly controllable setting. These setups allow unprecedented quantum controloverlargenumbers ofatoms and thus arevery promising for applications in quantum information. Magnetic lattices for ultracold atoms and degenerate quantum. Request pdf on apr 1, 20, maciej lewenstein and others published ultracold atoms in optical lattices. Entangling the atoms in an optical lattice for quantum. Takahashi ultimate quantum systems of light and matter control and applications.
Ultracold atomic gases mixtures and molecules jesper fevre bertelsen. Notes on lewenstein, sanpera, and ahu ngers ultracold. Ultracold atoms on optical lattices welcome to the ideals repository. Besides trapping cold atoms, optical lattices have been widely used in creating gratings and photonic crystals. Quantum simulation using ultracold atoms in twodimensional. Here we derive a generalized bosehubbard hamiltonian, describing the dynamical evolution of the atomcavity system and discuss the in uence of the cavity degree of freedom on various properties of strongly correlated systems in optical lattices. Ultracold molecules and atom pairs in optical lattice. Ultracold atoms in resonatorgenerated optical lattices. This study presents the first experimental realisation of a twodimensional quasicrystalline potential for ultracold atoms, based on an eightfold symmetric optical lattice. Particularly fascinating is the possibility of using ultracold atoms in lattices to. Castelldefels, spain, where he leads the quantum optics theory group. Lukin2 1institute for quantum information, california institute of technology, mc 10781, pasadena, california 91125, usa. The physics of ultracold atoms, ions and molecules offer unprecedented possibilities of control of quantum many body systems and novel possibilities of applications to quantum information.
Compared to free space optical lattices, quantum uncertainties of the potential and the possibility of atomfield entanglement lead to modified phase transition characteristics, the appearance of new phases or even quantum superpositions of different phases. In this thesis i report on experiments with ultracold molecules and atom pairs in optical lattice potentials. They have been rewarded with the 1997 nobel prize in physics for. Today, his dream has become a reality in laboratories around the world.
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